Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission TRMM homepage
TRMM Related Name Sorted Publication Listing


  • Machado, L. A. T., W. B. Rossow, R. L. Guedes, A. W. Walker, 1998: Life Cycle Variations of Mesoscale Convective Systems over the Americas. Monthly Weather Review: Vol. 126, No. 6, pp. 1630–1654.

  • Ramata Magagi and Ana P. Barros. 2004: Estimation of Latent Heating of Rainfall during the Onset of the Indian Monsoon Using TRMM PR and Radiosonde Data. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 328–349.


  • Marécal, Virginie, Jean-François Mahfouf, 2000: Variational Retrieval of Temperature and Humidity Profiles from TRMM Precipitation Data. Monthly Weather Review: Vol. 128, No. 11, pp. 3853–3866.

  • Marecal, Virginie, Taoufik Tani, Paul Amayenc, Claude Klapisz, Estelle Obligis, Nicolas Viltard, 1997: Rain Relations Inferred from Microphysical Data in TOGA COARE and Their Use to Test a Rain-Profiling Method from Radar Measurements at Ku-Band. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 36, No. 12, pp. 1629–1646.

  • Marks, D.A., M.S. Kulie, M. Robinson, D.S. Silberstein, D.B. Wolff, B.S. Ferrier, E. Amitai, B. Fisher, J. Wang, D. Augustine, and O.Thiele, 2000: Climatological processing and product development for the TRMM Ground Validation Program. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Part B-Hydrology Oceans and Atmosphere: Vol. 25, pp. 871-875.

  • Hirohiko Masunaga, Tristan S. L’Ecuyer, and Christian D. Kummerow, 2006: The Madden–Julian Oscillation Recorded in Early Observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Volume 63, Issue 11 (November 2006) pp. 2777-2794

  • Martin, Donald, 1999: Estimation of Mean Rain Rate through Censoring. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 797–805.

  • Marzoug, Mongi, Paul Amayenc, 1994: A Class of Single- and Dual-Frequency Algorithms for Rain-Rate Profiling from a Spaceborne Radar. Pad I: Principle and Tests from Numerical Simulations. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 1480–1506.

  • Matrosov, Sergey Y., Robert A. Kropfli, Roger F. Reinking, Brooks E. Martner, 1999: Prospects for Measuring Rainfall Using Propagation Differential Phase in X- and Ka-Radar Bands. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 766–776.

  • May, Peter T., 1996: The Organization of Convection in the Rainbands of Tropical Cyclone Laurence. Monthly Weather Review: Vol. 124, No. 5, pp. 807–815.

  • McCollum, Jeffrey R., Witold F. Krajewski, 1997: Oceanic Rainfall Estimation: Sampling Studies of the Fractional-Time-in-Rain Method. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 133–142.

  • McCumber, Michale, Wei-Kuo Tao, Joanne Simpson, Richard Penc, Su-Tzai Soong, 1991: Comparison of Ice-Phase Microphysical Parameterization Schemes Using Numerical Simulations of Tropical Convection. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 30, No. 7, pp. 985–1004.

  • McGaughey, Gary, Edward J. Zipser, Roy W. Spencer, Robbie E. Hood, 1996: High-Resolution Passive Microwave Observations of Convective Systems over the Tropical Pacific Ocean. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 35, No. 11, pp. 1921–1948.

  • R. Meneghini, J. A. Jones, T. Iguchi, K. Okamoto and J. Kwiatkowski. 2004: A Hybrid Surface Reference Technique and Its Application to the TRMM Precipitation Radar. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 21, No. 11, pp. 1645–1658.


  • Meneghini, R., H. Kumagai, 1994: Characteristics of the Vertical Profiles of Dual-Frequency, Dual-Polarization Radar Data in Stratiform Rain. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 701–711.

  • Meneghini, R., J.A. Jones, 1993: An Approach to Estimate the Areal Rain-Rate Distribution from Spaceborne Radar by the Use of Multiple Thresholds. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 386–398.

  • Meneghini, Robert, 1998: Application of a Threshold Method to Airborne–Spaceborne Attenuating-Wavelength Radars for the Estimation of Space–Time Rain-Rate Statistics. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 37, No. 9, pp. 924–938.

  • Meneghini, Robert , Toshio Iguchi, Toshiaki Kozu, Liang Liao, Ken’Ichi Okamoto, Jeffrey A. Jones, John Kwiatkowski, 2000: Use of the Surface Reference Technique for Path Attenuation Estimates from the TRMM Precipitation Radar. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 39, No. 12, pp. 2053–2070.

  • Michaud, Jené D., Brian A. Auvine, Olga C. Penalba, 1995: Spatial and Elevational Variations of Summer Rainfall in the Southwestern United States. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 34, No. 12, pp. 2689–2703.

  • Miller, Shawn W., William J. Emery, 1997: An Automated Neural Network Cloud Classifier for Use over Land and Ocean Surfaces. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 36, No. 10, pp. 1346–1362.

  • Minnis, Patrick, Donald P. Garber, David F. Young, Robert F. Arduini, Yoshihide Takano, 1998: Parameterizations of Reflectance and Effective Emittance for Satellite Remote Sensing of Cloud Properties. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences: Vol. 55, No. 22, pp. 3313–3339.

  • Minnis, Patrick, Mandana M. Khaiyer, 2000: Anisotropy of Land Surface Skin Temperature Derived from Satellite Data. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 39, No. 7, pp. 1117–1129.

  • Mohr, Karen I., Edward J. Zipser, 1996: Mesoscale Convective Systems Defined by Their 85-GHzIce Scattering Signature: Size and Intensity Comparison over Tropical Oceans and Continents. Monthly Weather Review: Vol. 124, No. 11 pp. 2417-2437

  • Mohr, Karen I., Edward J. Zipser, 1996: Defining Mesoscale Convective Systems by Their 85-GHz Ice Scattering Signatures. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society: Vol. 77, No. 6, pp. 1179-1189

  • Mohr, Karen I., James S. Famiglietti, Edward J. Zipser, 1998: The Contribution to Tropical Rainfall with respect to Convective System Type, Size, and Intensity Estimated from the 85-GHZ Ice-Scattering Signature. Journal Of Applied Meteorology Vol. 38, pp. 596-606

  • Shuichi Mori, Hamada Jun-Ichi, Yudi Iman Tauhid, Manabu D. Yamanaka, Noriko Okamoto, Fumie Murata, Namiko Sakurai, Hiroyuki Hashiguchi and Tien Sribimawati. 2004: Diurnal Land–Sea Rainfall Peak Migration over Sumatera Island, Indonesian Maritime Continent, Observed by TRMM Satellite and Intensive Rawinsonde Soundings. Monthly Weather Review: Vol. 132, No. 8, pp. 2021–2039.

  • Morrissey, Mark L., 1994: The Effect of Data Resolution on the Area Threshold Method. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 1263–1270.

  • Morrissey, Mark L., John E. Janowiak, 1996: Sampling-Induced Conditional Biases in Satellite Climate-Scale Rainfall Estimates. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 541–548.

  • Morrissey, Mark L., J. Scott Greene, 1993: Comparison of Two Satellite-based Rainfall Algorithms Using Pacific Atoll Raingage Data. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 411–425.

  • Morrissey, Mark L., Witold F. Krajewski, Michael J. McPhaden, 1994: Estimating Rainfall in the Tropics Using the Fractional Time Raining. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 387–393.

  • Morrissey, Mark L., Yiping Wang, 1995: Verifying Satellite Microwave Rainfall Estimates over the Open Ocean. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 794–804.

  • Morita, J., Y. N. Takayabu, S. Shige, and Y. Kodama, 2006: Analysis of rainfall characteristics of the Madden-Julian oscillation using TRMM satellite data. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 42, 107-126.

  • Mugnai, Alberto, Eric A. Smith, 1988: Radiative Transfer to Space through a Precipitating Cloud at Multiple Microwave Frequencies. Part I: Model Description. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 1055–1073.

  • Mugnai, Alberto, Harry J. Cooper, Eric A. Smith, Gregory J. Tripoli, 1990: Simulation of Microwave Brightness Temperatures of an Evolving Hailstorm at SSM/I Frequencies. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society: Vol. 71, No. 1, pp. 2–13.

  • Murtugudde, Ragu, Antonio J. Busalacchi, 1999: Interannual Variability of the Dynamics and Thermodynamics of the Tropical Indian Ocean. Journal of Climate: Vol. 12, No. 8, pp. 2300–2326.

  • Nakamoto, Shoichiro, Juan B. Valdés, Gerald R. North, 1990: Frequency–Wavenumber Spectrum for GATF, Phase I Rainfields. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 29, No. 9, pp. 842–850.

  • Nakamura, Kenji, 1991: Biases of Rain Retrieval Algorithms for Spaceborne Radar Caused by Nonuniformity of Rain. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 363–373.

  • Naud, C.M., A.D. Del Genio, and M. Bauer 2006: Observational constraints on cloud thermodynamic phase in midlatitude storms. J. Climate, 19, 5273-5288.

  • Negri, Andrew J., Robert F. Adler, Christian D. Kummerow, 1989: False-Color Display of Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) Data. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society: Vol. 70, No. 2, pp. 146–151.

  • Negri, Andrew J., Robert F. Adler, Eric J. Nelkin, George J. Huffman, 1994: Regional Rainfall Climatologies Derived from Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) Data. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society: Vol. 75, No. 7, pp. 1165–1182.

  • Nehrkorn, Thomas, Ross N. Hoffman, Jean-François Louis, Ronald G. Isaacs, Jean-Luc Moncet, 1993: Analysis and Forecast Improvements from Simulated Satellite Water Vapor Profiles and Rainfall Using a Global Data Assimilation System. Monthly Weather Review: Vol. 121, No. 10, pp. 2727–2739.

  • Nesbitt, S. W., R. Cifelli, and S. A. Rutledge, 2006: Storm morphology and rainfall characteristics of TRMM precipitation features. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2702-2721.

  • Stephen W. Nesbitt, Edward J. Zipser and Christian D. Kummerow. 2004: An Examination of Version-5 Rainfall Estimates from the TRMM Microwave Imager, Precipitation Radar, and Rain Gauges on Global, Regional, and Storm Scales. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 43, No. 7, pp. 1016–1036.

  • Nesbitt, S. W., and E. J. Zipser, 2003: The diurnal cycle of rainfall and convective intensity according to three years of TRMM measurements. J. Climate, 16, 1456-1475.


  • Nesbitt, Stephen W., Edward J. Zipser, Daniel J. Cecil, 2000: A Census of Precipitation Features in the Tropics Using TRMM: Radar, Ice Scattering, and Lightning Observations. Journal of Climate: Vol. 13, No. 23, pp. 4087–4106.

  • Nešpor, V., W.F. Krajewski, and A. Kruger 2000, Wind-induced error of rain drop size distribution measurement using a two-dimensional video disdrometer, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 17(11), 1483-1492, .

  • Nicholson, S. E., J. Kim, M. B. Ba, A. R. Lare, 1997: The Mean Surface Water Balance over Africa and Its Interannual Variability. Journal of Climate: Vol. 10, No. 12, pp. 2981–3002.

  • North, Gerald R., Ilya Polyak, 1996: Spatial Correlation of Beam-Filling Error in Microwave Rain-Rate Retrievals. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 1101–1106.

  • North, Gerald R., Juan B. Valdés, Eunho Ha, Samuel S.P. Shen, 1994: The Ground-Truth Problem for Satellite Estimates of Rain Rate. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 1035–1041.

  • North, Gerald R., Samuel S.P. Shen, Robert Upson, 1993: Sampling Errors in Rainfall Estimates by Multiple Satellites. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 399–410.

  • North, Gerald R., Shoichiro Nakamoto, 1989: Formalism for Comparing Rain Estimation Designs. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 6, No. 6, pp. 985–992.

  • Nystuen, Jeffrey A., 1999: Relative Performance of Automatic Rain Gauges under Different Rainfall Conditions. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 1025–1043.

  • Nystuen, Jeffrey A., John R. Proni, Peter G. Black, John C. Wilkerson, 1996: A Comparison of Automatic Rain Gauges. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 62–73.

  • Nystuen, Jeffrey A., Michael J. McPhaden, H. Paul Freitag, 2000: Surface Measurements of Precipitation from an Ocean Mooring: The Underwater Acoustic Log from the South China Sea. Journal of Applied Meteorology: Vol. 39, No. 12, pp. 2182–2197.


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